31-43 maven基础_动力节点

idea中设置maven #

  • 和idea集成maven ly-20241212142146614

创建普通的j2se项目 #

  • 使用idea创建空白项目 ly-20241212142146810

  • 新建一个module ly-20241212142146873

  • 使用模板创建普通java项目 ly-20241212142146930

  • 输入gav ly-20241212142146987

  • 设置maven信息 ly-20241212142147048

  • 标准的maven工程 ly-20241212142147103

    • 与创建网站有关，删掉即可

      <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>com.bjpowernode</groupId>
  <artifactId>ch01-maven-j2se</artifactId>
  <version>1.0</version>

  <!--设置网站，注释掉即可-->
<!--  <name>ch01-maven-j2se</name>
  <!– FIXME change it to the project's website –>
  <url>http://www.example.com</url>-->

  <properties> <!--maven常用设置-->
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <dependency><!--单元测试-->
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.11</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>

  <build>
    <!--插件版本的配置，无特殊指定则删除-->
    <pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
      <plugins>
        <!-- clean lifecycle, see https://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/lifecycles.html#clean_Lifecycle -->
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.1.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <!-- default lifecycle, jar packaging: see https://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_jar_packaging -->
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.0.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.8.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.22.1</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.0.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.5.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.8.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <!-- site lifecycle, see https://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/lifecycles.html#site_Lifecycle -->
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-site-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.7.1</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-project-info-reports-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.0.0</version>
        </plugin>
      </plugins>
    </pluginManagement>
  </build>
</project>

单元测试 #

  • 关于idea颜色 ly-20241212142147158

  • 编写java程序

    package com.bjpowernode;

public class HelloMaven {
    public int addNumber(int n1,int n2){
        return n1+n2;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        HelloMaven helloMaven=new HelloMaven();
        int res=helloMaven.addNumber(10,20);
        System.out.println("res = "+res);
    }
}

  • ly-20241212142147213

  • 测试使用 ly-20241212142147268

idea中maven工具窗口 #

  • Maven生成的目录 ly-20241212142147325

  • 使用mvn clean进行清理

    λ mvn clean
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO]
[INFO] ------------------< com.bjpowernode:ch01-maven-j2se >-------------------
[INFO] Building ch01-maven-j2se 1.0
[INFO] --------------------------------[ jar ]---------------------------------
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-clean-plugin:2.5:clean (default-clean) @ ch01-maven-j2se ---
[INFO] Deleting D:\Users\ly\Documents\git\mavenwork\04-project\ch01-maven-j2se\target [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time:  0.438 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2022-07-13T23:39:03+08:00
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

  • 窗口 ly-20241212142147383

  • ly-20241212142147440

  • 单元测试 ly-20241212142147495

  • 打包 ly-20241212142147554

  • install安装 ly-20241212142147610 ly-20241212142147664

  • 其他 ly-20241212142147719

  • 重新更新依赖项 ly-20241212142147774

创建web项目加入servlet依赖 #

  • ly-20241212142147840

  • 结构 ly-20241212142147918

  • 创建java文件夹和资源文件夹 ly-20241212142147984

  • pom文件

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>com.bjpowernode</groupId>
  <artifactId>ch02-maven-web</artifactId>
  <version>1.0</version>
  <packaging>war</packaging>

  <name>ch02-maven-web Maven Webapp</name>
  <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
  <url>http://www.example.com</url>

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <!--servlet依赖-->
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/javax.servlet-api -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>4.0.1</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!--jsp依赖-->
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet.jsp/javax.servlet.jsp-api -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
      <version>2.3.3</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>


    <!--junit-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.11</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>

</project>
    • 和上面进行对比

创建servlet #

ly-20241212142148038

  • 创建完之后

    • 代码

      package com.bjpowernode.controller;

import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
import java.io.IOException;

public class HelloServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

    }
}

    • web.xml

      <!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
 "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
 "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >

<web-app>
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>HelloServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>com.bjpowernode.controller.HelloServlet</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
</web-app>

      • 添加mapping

        <!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
 "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
 "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >

<web-app>
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>HelloServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>com.bjpowernode.controller.HelloServlet</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>HelloServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/hello</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

  • 添加jsp

    <%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: ly
  Date: 2022/7/16
  Time: 18:10
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>index</title>
</head>
<body>
<a href="hello" >访问</a>
</body>
</html>

  • 设置转发

    package com.bjpowernode.controller;

import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
import java.io.IOException;

public class HelloServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("收到请求了");
        //转发到show
        request.getRequestDispatcher("/show.jsp")
                .forward(request,response);
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

    }
}

  • 设置tomcat并发布

    idea出现not found for the web module. ly-20241212142148090

    • ly-20241212142148145

ly-20241212142148201

复习核心的概念 #

  • 约定的目录结构 ly-20241212142148255
  • pom 项目对象模型，groupId,artifactId,version gav
  • 仓库
    • 本地仓库 …../.m2/repository
    • 远程仓库
  • 生命周期，clean，compile，test-compile，test，package，install
  • maven和idea集成
    • 设置maven安装目录和配置文件
    • 设置Runner，创建maven时速度快 ly-20241212142148309
    • 使用模板创建 se和web ly-20241212142148365

导入模块到idea #

  • 导入02这个项目 ly-20241212142148422
  • ly-20241212142148476
  • ly-20241212142148531
  • 结果 ly-20241212142148587
  • 当磁盘中文件夹名字和项目名不一样时 ly-20241212142148640
  • 如果导入后颜色不对，则需要右键 mark as ly-20241212142148694

scope依赖范围 #

  • scope标签

  • 依赖范围：scope标签，这个依赖在项目构建的哪个阶段起作用

    • 值：compile，默认，参与构建项目的所有阶段； test：测试，在测试阶段使用，比如执行mvn test 会使用junit provided：提供者，项目在部署到服务器时，不需要提供这个依赖的jar，而是由服务器提供这个以来的jar包

  • 打包时只有mysql ly-20241212142148747

    ly-20241212142148804

  • war文件 ly-20241212142148857

    • 给服务器，即放到tomcat的webapps中 ly-20241212142148907
    • 启动tomcat之后，会自动解压 ly-20241212142148963

  • 访问 ly-20241212142149017

自定义变量 #

  • properties标签，常用设置 ly-20241212142149071
    • test报告 ly-20241212142149124
  • ly-20241212142149177 这种需要将文件夹删除，然后reimport
  • 全局变量，比如依赖版本号
    • 重复的问题 ly-20241212142149268
    • 在properties里面定义即可 ly-20241212142149338
    • 使用全局变量 ${变量名} ly-20241212142149390

处理文件的默认规则 #

  • 使用资源插件
  • 例子
    • 放置三个文件
    • ly-20241212142149444
    • 进行四个操作，会生成资源文件（src/resources）拷贝到target/classes目录下 ly-20241212142149497
  • 如果在java下的包中放资源文件 ly-20241212142149552
    • 没有拷贝 ly-20241212142149602
    • 即maven只处理src/main/java目录下的.java文件，把这些编译成class，拷贝到target/classes目录中，不处理其他文件

资源插件 #

build下

    <build>
        <!--资源插件-->
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <!--所在的目录-->
                <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                <!--包括properties及xml后缀文件-->
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                    <include>**/*.txt</include>
                    <include>**/*</include>
                </includes>
                <excludes>
                    <exclude>**/*.java</exclude>
                </excludes>
                <!--不使用过滤器，*.xml已经起到过滤作用了-->
                <filtering>false</filtering>
            </resource>
        </resources>
        </resources>
    </build>

结果 ly-20241212142149654